RAND WATER ANNUAL REPORT 2023

Consolidated Annual Financial Statements for the year ended 30 June 2023

The plan is funded by payments from employees and the Group. The Group’s contribution to the funds is recognised as employee benefit expense in the statement of financial performance in the year to which it relates. Summary of Principal Accounting Policies and Significant Judgements 3.10 Employee benefits (Continued)

The Group does not provide guarantees in respect of the returns in the defined contribution funds and has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid.

Post‑retirement medical obligations The Group’s net obligation in respect of long‑term service benefits, is the amount of future benefit that employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods, after deducting plan assets out of which the obligation is to be settled directly. The obligation is actuarially calculated at reporting date every year, using the projected unit credit method, and is discounted to its present value. The plan assets are measured at fair value which is also actuarially calculated at reporting date. The same discount rate is utilised for both the plan asset and obligation and is based on high quality bonds. Service costs and interest costs are recognised in the statement of financial performance. Re‑measurements as a result of the actuarial valuation are recognised in other comprehensive income. Termination benefits Termination benefits are payable whenever an employee’s employment is terminated before the normal retirement date or whenever an employee accepts voluntary redundancy in exchange for these benefits. Termination benefits are recognised as an expense when the Group is demonstrably committed, without realistic possibility of withdrawal, to a formal detailed plan to either terminate employment before normal retirement date, or to provide termination benefits as a result of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy. If benefits are payable more than 12 months after reporting date then they are discounted to present value. 3.11 Provisions and contingencies Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, for which it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Provisions are not recognised for future operating losses. Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation using a pre‑tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. The increase in the provision due to passage of time is recognised as interest expense. A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will only be confirmed by the occurrence or non‑occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Group or a present obligation that arises from a past event but is not recognised because it is not probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefit will be required to settle the obligation or the amount cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.

A contingent asset is a possible asset that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non‑occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the entity.

Contingencies are disclosed in note 39.

Environmental restoration and decommissioning obligations An obligation to incur environmental restoration, rehabilitation and decommissioning costs arises when a disturbance is caused by the development of a sludge disposal site. Such costs arising from the decommissioning of plant and other site preparation work, discounted to their net present value, are provided for and capitalised at the start of each project, as soon as the obligation

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